Tinatin DOOLOTKELDİEVA

Chapter of Books | 2013 | Multifunctional Agriculture, Ecology and Food Security: International Perspectives ( Chapter 14 )

The main agricultural activities in the Kyrgyz Republic are include the production of cereal grains, vegetables, potatoes and commercial crops such as cotton, tobacco, sugar beets and livestock. The sustainability of the agriculture sector was severely affected by the large scale mono-cropping approach of the Soviet era. Intensive agriculture has caused environmental pollution due to the excessive use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides. To combat this menace we have isolated and introduced non-chemical crop protection agents, the antifungal micro-organisms Streptomyces spp., producing antibiotics and bio-stimulating compounds. Ma . . .ny isolates were screened for their ability to suppress soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi and to also promote growth of plants. Strains that are able to survive under field conditions were selected. The 16 S RNA genes of bio-control related strains were studied by PCR amplification. Strains of Streptomyces fumanus, gn-2were obtained by submerged cultivation in a bioreactor. Streptomyces fumanus, gn-2 was evaluated under field conditions against fungal pathogens and also for the growth-promoting effect on wheat, beans, barley, potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, strawberries and other crops. The pre-seed treatment provided 90 percent more safety to seedlings than the control species and the resistance of crops to fungi pathogens-Alternaria, Aspergillus, Acremonium, Botrytis, Fusarium and Penicillium species. © 2013 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved More less